we have seen that socialism and capitalism stiil having issues and its effecting many countries.how can this issues efect the globalization and why it so important in the global economy?

It has been clearly stated that a centralized market is the wrong way, and examples have been given. So can we state that neither free market is the solution because of the current global crisis? How the next market should be? A balanced market between no totally free and no totally centralized or an entire new formula?

Yoruba:
African culture/ethnicity?
Yes:
- The name is an African one
- The rituals are Africans
- Sacrifices
- Current African culture
No:
- Not only in Africa
- Features strange to African
African language?
Yes:
- Spoken African language
- “Sounds” are African
No:
- English words inside
African religion?
Yes:
- Rituals and sacrifices are typically African
No:
- Catholic prints

youruba

Is the Youruba "ethnicity/culture"?
yes
-came from Africa
-practiced most by Africans

no
-people still practicing ethnicity and culture out of Africa



Is the Youruba "language"?
yes
-the name is from Africa
-it is spoken by Africans
-appeared in Africa for the first time

no
-it was spoken also by non-Africans

Sugar has gained an important role over time by its kind deeds on human body. Indeed in the context of slavery and industrial revolution it has been a strong booster. Not only that but it is also a link in some parts of the world.
Sugar increased productivity in a less time. Actually, its metabolism on human body free energy therefore labors are more productive. It was also part of a slave ration for its beneficial effects previously cited.
Sugar is a mere and cheap way to escape from the daily misery. Moreover it is consider by labors as a pleasure.
The production of this so desired commodity link Europe, Africa and North America through the Atlantic Ocean. By then England controlled this trade.

After my reading of the Kriegel I have got an overview of the history of copyright and its influence on culture. I try to link it to my main topic which is globalization and actually no obvious link comes to my mind. However, in a certain extend it is linked because it makes new type of commodities move and influence in a certain way culture. Moreover, when in a country the industries are focus on commodities that they do not use in their own countries to fill other far markets it is somehow connecting the world.

culture\copyright

Over three hundread years ago,shwartz sais that we will be living in copy culture.Actually has become common,necessary and atractive,but on the other hand all this copies have made original more valueble and significant and at the same time noteworthy.
One of the activities of early copyright law was the MP off Belffest(capital irland)-tennent he mantained that strong law of copyrights will automatically curtail disign piracy.Further more,many extension avocates debated that tradition of original production will end up being compromised.
The changing geography of trade the way is merchandised and the largening consumer base made copying of calico from india sob continent to ingland became famous along with chinese porcelain.Eventually the urbain culture in britain begun to see some transformation in the way fashion was interpreted,specially the appearence of women of british.though birtain passed a law to proibit importation of calico there was surging artisanal printing trade that sprung out from places near london with main abjectif of the copying the outlawed indian production.
By the Mid ninetheen century,the trade had expended byond borders to rich US,Asia,South America and Africa.
In cloncusion,copyrigth law in modern world has become of great significants to rising industries.It serves as great regulations to minimize or hold piracy and other potent or original cretives ideas,it is very important that copyright law continues to be absorved and respected by all.

My view on the american election

Since one year ago the American election is part of the top news. Wherever you go it is followed with great interest. Why all this passion for the American election?
The USA, first power of the world, has influence all over the world; therefore its presidential election is highlighted, in fact in this global economy USA plays a major role. It gets the ability to direct nation states’ foreign politics due to its deterrent such as dollars and the green weapon (food). Because the outcome of this election can influence in a way or another my life as global citizen, my country and my world in general. I am involved in this election though, I have no voice in it.
Because of the huge differences in views of the two candidates, there are important issues at skate in this election. America is the most involved nation state when it comes to terrorism and Midwest since 9/11. The outcome is closely followed since the protagonist has very different view on the subject. Other issues such as ecology, the global economic crisis and the third world are key points in this election.
The candidate will probably discuss on American housing market, the war in Iraq, the global crisis which affects average American people and other current issues.
To conclude, yes the American election do influence the whole world because of its place in the global economy.

Our three topics are the following:
- food crisis
-facebook
-cellular phone (technologies of communication today)

Global importance of US Presidential election

As the clock ticks closer to November 4th presidential election in the U.S, the world is ever curious to learn about the outcome and its impact in the world.
The two candidates Barack Obama and John McCain are running what seems to be one of the most important presidential elections in decades for what seems to have turned into the worst economic situation since the Great Depression. In fact, the democratic candidate – Barack Obama has stimulated more and more young population to be part of the voting process to determine a future that they all have a stake in. Not only has he sparked interest amongst the Americans, but he’s made this election one of the most popular around the world.

The world has become more and more dependent on each other and that does have its pros and cons. Most people around the world have lost their interest and regards for the United States in the past 8 years of President Bush. Therefore, a new leader of the free world would be able to relate better with world leaders such as that of my country to build an alliance that will benefit both countries. Global warming has become one of the key topic that touches the interest of all nations. The new president of the US will be very influential in changing the perspective and signing the Kyoto Protocol which is a common agreement for all nations in the world to meet the global warming challenges.

The most important issues at stake in the election right now and being discussed by the candidates are health care, social security, national defense, foreign policy, immigration and the economy. All of these issues have become the main worry for all Americans. As the events continue to unfold, the economy was voted as top subject of concern for all Americans as many people loose their homes, increasing debt and unemployment level rising.
I think the next debate will focus on foreign policy and the economy.If the next president fails to succeed in ending these problems in America, then the world would continue to feel the spiraling negative effect of the economy. In that regard, my country will receive less donations from the US; less donations will only mean less infrastructural developments, rise in prices of certain goods and other things I can’t measure at this point. So basically, the world is and will be affected in one way or the other by the next president of United States of America.

Something needs all over the world and its current end would definitely put the entire world in trouble is a good example of market imperative. Therefore I have spontaneously thought of oil. Why oil?
At this time, oil is maybe not the most effective source of energy but the one that meet the global demand. Wherever you go today, oil is the source that makes economies grown because it is available in enough quantities and at any time. However, at the rate of the global growth, the end of the reserves is predicted soon.
Moreover, no other reliable sources are yet found. Scientific from all over the world are working on it but, the latest discoveries are not efficient enough to meet global demand such as oil is doing.
On top of the imminent future shortages of oil, these precious sources belong to few nation states, making this global issue harder to solve.
To conclude I can say that oil is an important factor in the international relations.

Market Imperative- Petroleum

Market Imperatives
Petrol has played a major role in the world’s industries productivity for decades. In most cases, it plays a serious role in determining the expansion of economies across the world including that of the big industrial nations such as United States.

Most of the petroleum deposits are found in zones such as the Middle East, Africa, South America etc… These individual nations of 13 decided to come together to create the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). Their main goal is to act in their individual and group interest to maximize profits for their own people. In that regard, they have huge leverage in controlling price inflation and regulations that will benefit them. They control two-thirds of the world’s oil reserves.In this view, they have become very instrumental in determining the expansion of economies around the world. The United States economy for example, is greatly affected by the price of oil. The United States has about 3% of the oil reserves but consumes about a quarter of the world’s oil. A high price has helped lower the power of the dollar and reduced the demand for big cars worldwide. Ford, GMC and many auto manufacturers are now embarking on making more fuel efficient cars. The demand has gone down.The worldwide effect of petrol has spiraled all the way to hit major worldwide companies even well establised companies such as Alitalia. And today, we all pay higher airfare due to higher petrol prices. Locally, we all pay more for taxi and even the drivers will tell you the reason is "petrol is expensive." Some few nations in OPEC like UAE do benefit a lot while others instead get higher prices for many things including food.

In conclusion, the effect of petroleum in the world’s economy is great. The higher the prices, the less the productivity for many worldwide industries because the world is still HIGHLY DEPENDENT on petroleum. Unless nations embark on spending more to find alternative energy methods or expand use of wind power, solar power etc… it will be hard to forecast the long term profitability of industries worldwide. All being said, petroleum problem in one nation might have an effect on global markets; and this shows how intertwined the worlds market is today.

As the author stated the world is threatened by two antagonist politics: “retribalization” and globalization. I understand his concerns about them and the fact that there are both going against democratic principles. But I am much more concern about “retribalization” than anything else though, globalization is an angel. I am going to explain my mind in the following lines.
Even though globalization is not a democratic system with all its drawbacks it has interesting outcomes such as opening markets, an easier people, information, and commodities movements even being unequal.
“Retribalisation” is a threat for the world security and a utopia in this current world. It just can works out. It goes totally in opposite of democracy principals. When almost the whole world is trying to link up for better opportunities a minority cannot refuse it in the name of parochial views. It’s subject of incomprehensible wars seeming endless and unsolvable. The world is made today such as all nation states are interdependently linked to each others.
‘Retribalization” is for sure doomed to disappear soon or later. Globalization, in this fight, is obviously the winner. It has certainly good effect but also bad ones. Where will it drives us our world that’s the entire question.

Jihad vs Mcworld

After my reading I saw that the article here is about the difference between ideologies of Jihad and Mcworld. We can say that Jihad is struggle,meaning that they its a group that want to keep their culture,traditions whereas Mcworld can be modernity removing any kind of barriers to bring the world together.
Mcworld can be mentioned as integrity and costumize; meaning the "cry" for one world. It has 4 keys factors that affect it:
a) Markets imperatives which shows the effect of one global market on state-economies( e.g the tsunami of financial market problems that started from Wall Street)
b) Resources imperative:bring the world together as we're all dependent on each other. "No man is an island"
c) I.T Imperative:universalizing solutions to a particular problem using technology.
d) Ecological Imperative: effects of world's weather etc such as ramification of the Kyoto Protocol which caps the greenhouse effects to protect a global weather. Greenhouse gas emissions in US has helped damage the ozone layer that affects even species in Guinea-Bissau or Antartica.

From the transition point of Jihad to Mcworld was foreseen by Ortega y Gasset as explained over 5 decades ago in their idea that nacionalism will not last forever. Instead nacionalism would be a barrier to a new ideology which rather supports globalization. Today,Mcworld is slowly gaining popularity and in my opinion will vanquish over Jihad.

To support my idea, we can see how globalization has even conquered borders culturely;as in the lights of urban rap music that started from hoods of America to become popular culture in the streets of France, Nigeria and even stronger societies such as China.

Jihad vs Mcworld

After my reading of those new texts my conception of globalization has improved from the latest. In fact I have come to the state that globalization is not only the ability for people, ideas and commodities to move with less barriers but also disabilities and injustices it has created.
Globalization is normally supposed to include all parts of the world but it is not the case. Some areas have been left apart because of being economically uninteresting such as some underdeveloped countries which do not present any interest to exploit.
Globalization belongs to the capitalism and therefore it does not care about whether its acts can have drawbacks or not on people around. For instance, it makes some main raw materials out of reach for developing countries. Developed countries also subsidy their agricultures such as it is impossible for African agriculture to compete with them in the international market.
This global system is made such as only the wealthy can rule. Thus, making developed countries the one that take advantage it. For instance they fix the price they buy the raw materials from developing countries and they also fix the price they sell it back into manufactured products.
Globalization is less barriers as we have said previously, but it actually only involve westerners. People from developing countries are even feeling more and more obstacles to move around the globe.
To conclude I come to question myself whether or not globalization is profitable to all us? Isn’t it a new way to take advantage of the third world? I seriously doubt.

The ideas interview: Saskia Sassen

- the globalization is decreasing the rigths of citizens in liberal democracies countries because of some unrespected human rigths.

North Atlantic Universals: Analytical Fictions

First moment of globality:
-rise of the west
-conquest of the Americas
-plantation slavery
-the industrial revolution
-population flows

What is the concept of globalization good for?

- student from contemporany politics
- world market:
*rich countries to roll back their welfare
* poor to reduce social expenditures
- people's exposures to media ( dress, music, to fantasy of good life)
- taxes
- examination of wide variety of units/affinity and mobilisation
- variety of claims
- constrict political imagination


**Globalization is referent to Berlim Wall (fall down) meaning more possibilities, less barriers between economies